Basics of Typography

From books to our phones to shopfronts and hoardings, we are surrounded by words everywhere. Our eyes keep digesting type on a daily basis. A simple type choice can create different moods, emotions and even an environment. Typography gives type a life.

What is typography?

Typography is amongst the core elements of design. It is the art that makes any language that is displayed more appealing to the reader considering different points namely; the particular font from a typeface, spacing, kernings and many more details.

Typography originated back in the 11th century when movable type was invented. It was largely used in magazines and books back then, and in many other public works, even before the digital age. The Gutenberg Bible is the very first example of typography which even started a Typography Revolution in the West. The fun fact is that the style of type - Textura which was used in the Gutenberg Bible back then is still found in the majority of font options on desktop applications even now.

Typography is omnipresent, it's in all the digital and printed mediums. Numerous fonts and type options are available at a click, making Typography visually diverse for all.

Elements of typography

1. Typefaces and fonts
   • Typeface is an entire family of fonts.
   • Font is a particular member of the typeface.
2. Font types
   • Serif: The small lines and hooks at the end of the strokes in some letters are Serifs.
   • Sans serif: Sans means ‘without'. A sans serif font does not have any serifs.
   • Slab serif: Slab serifs have thick, block-like serifs.
   • Script: Script typefaces have flowing, cursive strokes.
3. Components of type
   • Ascenders
   • Descenders
   • Baseline
   • X-height
   • Font spacing
   • Kerning
   • Leading
   • Tracking
   • Fontcase: Uppercase and Lowercase, Smallcaps
   • Point size
   • Font weight
   • Italics
   • Widows and orphans
   • Lorem ipsum

What is the importance of typography in today's time?

Typography is not just about using beautiful fonts; it's actually about how it helps and guides the user with readability and accessibility.

• Brand recognition is built through typography as it enhances the personality of the brand and also creates association with the user.
• Decision making of the user is affected by typography as eye catching lines and type are more persuasive.
• Holding and captivating the reader for a longer span of time is also what good typography does.

To conclude, I say that if you are clueless about where to start, look around to see other people's work, follow typography hashtags, look up references on Pinterest, Behance to get more ideas and look out for upcoming trends.

Typography is an important part of any design but is often overlooked. Try to master it your own way by taking notes and keeping your eyes open. Get inspired and become an inspiration eventually.